发布于 2015-09-14 15:07:33 | 188 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网络整理
Administrators and users can control mongod or mongos instances at runtime either directly from mongod’s command line arguments or using a configuration file.
While both methods are functionally equivalent and all settings are similar, the configuration file method is preferable. If you installed from a package and have started MongoDB using your system’s control script, you’re already using a configuration file.
To start mongod or mongos using a config file, use one of the following forms:
mongod --config /etc/mongodb.conf
mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf
mongos --config /srv/mongodb/mongos.conf
mongos -f /srv/mongodb/mongos.conf
Declare all settings in this file using the following form:
<setting> = <value>
2.0 新版功能: Before version 2.0, Boolean (i.e. true|false) or “flag” parameters, register as true, if they appear in the configuration file, regardless of their value.
Default: false
Increases the amount of internal reporting returned on standard output or in the log file generated by logpath. To enable verbose or to enable increased verbosity with vvvv, set these options as in the following example:
verbose = true
vvvv = true
MongoDB has the following levels of verbosity:
Default: false
Additional increase in verbosity of output and logging.
Default: false
Additional increase in verbosity of output and logging.
Default: false
Additional increase in verbosity of output and logging.
Default: false
Additional increase in verbosity of output and logging.
Default: 27017
Specifies a TCP port for the mongod or mongos instance to listen for client connections. UNIX-like systems require root access for ports with numbers lower than 1000.
Default: All interfaces.
Set this option to configure the mongod or mongos process to bind to and listen for connections from applications on this address. You may attach mongod or mongos instances to any interface; however, if you attach the process to a publicly accessible interface, implement proper authentication or firewall restrictions to protect the integrity of your database.
You may concatenate a list of comma separated values to bind mongod to multiple IP addresses.
Default: depends on system (i.e. ulimit and file descriptor) limits. Unless set, MongoDB will not limit its own connections.
Specifies a value to set the maximum number of simultaneous connections that mongod or mongos will accept. This setting has no effect if it is higher than your operating system’s configured maximum connection tracking threshold.
This is particularly useful for mongos if you have a client that creates a number of collections but allows them to timeout rather than close the collections. When you set maxConns, ensure the value is slightly higher than the size of the connection pool or the total number of connections to prevent erroneous connection spikes from propagating to the members of a shard cluster.
注解
You cannot set maxConns to a value higher than 20000.
Default: false
Set to true to force mongod to validate all requests from clients upon receipt to ensure that invalid BSON objects are never inserted into the database. mongod does not enable this by default because of the required overhead.
Default: None. (i.e. /dev/stdout)
Specify the path to a file name for the log file that will hold all diagnostic logging information.
Unless specified, mongod will output all log information to the standard output. Unless logappend is true, the logfile will be overwritten when the process restarts.
注解
Currently, MongoDB will overwrite the contents of the log file if the logappend is not used. This behavior may change in the future depending on the outcome of SERVER-4499.
Default: false
Set to true to add new entries to the end of the logfile rather than overwriting the content of the log when the process restarts.
If this setting is not specified, then MongoDB will overwrite the existing logfile upon start up.
注解
The behavior of the logging system may change in the near future in response to the SERVER-4499 case.
2.1.0 新版功能.
Sends all logging output to the host’s syslog system rather than to standard output or a log file as with logpath.
Default: None.
Specify a file location to hold the “PID” or process ID of the mongod process. Useful for tracking the mongod process in combination with the fork setting.
Without a specified pidfilepath, mongos creates no PID file.
Without this option, mongod creates no PID file.
Default: None.
Specify the path to a key file to store authentication information. This option is only useful for the connection between replica set members.
也可以参考
“Replica Set Security” and “副本集的操作和管理.”
Default: false
Set to true to disable listening on the UNIX socket. Unless set to false, mongod and mongos provide a UNIX-socket.
Default: /tmp
Specifies a path for the UNIX socket. Unless this option has a value, mongod and mongos, create a socket with the /tmp as a prefix.
Default: false
Set to true to enable a daemon mode for mongod that runs the process in the background.
Default: false
Set to true to enable database authentication for users connecting from remote hosts. Configure users via the mongo shell. If no users exist, the localhost interface will continue to have access to the database until the you create the first user.
Default: false
Set to true to force mongod to report every four seconds CPU utilization and the amount of time that the processor waits for I/O operations to complete (i.e. I/O wait.) MongoDB writes this data to standard output, or the logfile if using the logpath option.
Default: /data/db/
Set this value to designate a directory for the mongod instance to store its data. Typical locations include: /srv/mongodb, /var/lib/mongodb or /opt/mongodb
Unless specified, mongod will look for data files in the default /data/db directory. (Windows systems use the datadb directory.) If you installed using a package management system. Check the /etc/mongodb.conf file provided by your packages to see the configuration of the dbpath.
Default: 0
Creates a very verbose, diagnostic log for troubleshooting and recording various errors. MongoDB writes these log files in the dbpath directory in a series of files that begin with the string diaglog with the time logging was initiated appended as a hex string.
The value of this setting configures the level of verbosity. Possible values, and their impact are as follows.
| Value | Setting |
| 0 | off. No logging. |
| 1 | Log write operations. |
| 2 | Log read operations. |
| 3 | Log both read and write operations. |
| 7 | Log write and some read operations. |
You can use the mongosniff tool to replay this output for investigation. Given a typical diaglog file, located at /data/db/diaglog.4f76a58c, you might use a command in the following form to read these files:
mongosniff --source DIAGLOG /data/db/diaglog.4f76a58c
diaglog is for internal use and not intended for most users.
警告
Setting the diagnostic level to 0 will cause mongod to stop writing data to the diagnostic log file. However, the mongod instance will continue to keep the file open, even if it is no longer writing data to the file. If you want to rename, move, or delete the diagnostic log you must cleanly shut down the mongod instance before doing so.
Default: false
Set to true to modify the storage pattern of the data directory to store each database’s files in a distinct folder. This option will create directories within the dbpath named for each directory.
Use this option in conjunction with your file system and device configuration so that MongoDB will store data on a number of distinct disk devices to increase write throughput or disk capacity.
Default: (on 64-bit systems) true
Default: (on 32-bit systems) false
Set to true to enable operation journaling to ensure write durability and data consistency.
Set to false to prevent the overhead of journaling in situations where durability is not required. To reduce the impact of the journaling on disk usage, you can leave journal enabled, and set smallfiles to true to reduce the size of the data and journal files.
Default: 100
Set this value to specify the maximum amount of time for mongod to allow between journal operations. The default value is 100 milliseconds. Lower values increase the durability of the journal, at the possible expense of disk performance.
This option accepts values between 2 and 300 milliseconds.
To force mongod to commit to the journal more frequently, you can specify j:true. When a write operation with j:true pending, mongod will reduce journalCommitInterval to a third of the set value.
Default: false
Set to true to IPv6 support to allow clients to connect to mongod using IPv6 networks. mongod disables IPv6 support by default in mongod and all utilities.
Default: false
Set to true to permit JSONP access via an HTTP interface. Consider the security implications of allowing this activity before setting this option.
Default: true
Disable authentication. Currently the default. Exists for future compatibility and clarity.
For consistency use the auth option.
Default: false
Set to true to disable the HTTP interface. This command will override the rest and disable the HTTP interface if you specify both.
在 2.1.2 版更改: The nohttpinterface option is not available for mongos instances before 2.1.2
Default: (on 64-bit systems) false
Default: (on 32-bit systems) true
Set nojournal = true to disable durability journaling. By default, mongod enables journaling in 64-bit versions after v2.0.
Default: false
Set noprealloc = true to disable the preallocation of data files. This will shorten the start up time in some cases, but can cause significant performance penalties during normal operations.
Default: false
Set noscripting = true to disable the scripting engine.
Default: false
Set notablescan = true to forbid operations that require a table scan.
Default: 16
Specify this value in megabytes. The maximum size is 2047 megabytes.
Use this setting to control the default size for all newly created namespace files (i.e .ns). This option has no impact on the size of existing namespace files.
See Limits on namespaces.
Default: 0
Modify this value to changes the level of database profiling, which inserts information about operation performance into output of mongod or the log file if specified by logpath. The following levels are available:
| Level | Setting |
| 0 | Off. No profiling. |
| 1 | On. Only includes slow operations. |
| 2 | On. Includes all operations. |
By default, mongod disables profiling. Database profiling can impact database performance because the profiler must record and process all database operations. Enable this option only after careful consideration.
Default: false
Set to true to enable a maximum limit for the number data files each database can have. The default quota is 8 data files, when quota is true. Adjust the quota size with the with the quotaFiles setting.
Default: 8
Modify limit on the number of data files per database. This option requires the quota setting.
Default: false
Set to true to run a repair routine on all databases following start up. In general you should set this option on the command line and not in the configuration file or in a control script.
Use the mongod --repair option to access this functionality.
Default: A _tmp directory in the dbpath.
Specify the path to the directory containing MongoDB data files, to use in conjunction with the repair setting or mongod --repair operation. Defaults to a _tmp directory within the dbpath.
Default: 100
Specify values in milliseconds.
Sets the threshold for mongod to consider a query “slow” for the database profiler. The database logs all slow queries to the log, even when the profiler is not turned on. When the database profiler is on, mongod the profiler writes to the system.profile collection.
也可以参考
“profile“
Default: false
Set to true to modify MongoDB to use a smaller default data file size. Specifically, smallfiles reduces the initial size for data files and limits them to 512 megabytes. The smallfiles setting also reduces the size of each journal files from 1 gigabyte to 128 megabytes.
Use the smallfiles setting if you have a large number of databases that each hold a small quantity of data. The smallfiles setting can lead mongod to create many files, which may affect performance for larger databases.
Default: 60
mongod writes data very quickly to the journal, and lazily to the data files. syncdelay controls how much time can pass before MongoDB flushes data to the database files via an fsync operation. The default setting is 60 seconds. In almost every situation you should not set this value and use the default setting.
The serverStatus command reports the background flush thread’s status via the backgroundFlushing field.
syncdelay has no effect on the journal files or journaling.
警告
If you set syncdelay to 0, MongoDB will not sync the memory mapped files to disk. Do not set this value on production systems.
Default: false
When set to true, mongod returns diagnostic system information regarding the page size, the number of physical pages, and the number of available physical pages to standard output.
More typically, run this operation by way of the mongod --sysinfo command. When running with the sysinfo, only mongod only outputs the page information and no database process will start.
Default: false
When set to true this option upgrades the on-disk data format of the files specified by the dbpath to the latest version, if needed.
This option only affects the operation of mongod if the data files are in an old format.
When specified for a mongos instance, this option updates the meta data format used by the config database.
注解
In most cases you should not set this value, so you can exercise the most control over your upgrade process. See the MongoDB release notes (on the download page) for more information about the upgrade process.
Default: false
For internal diagnostic use only.
Default: false
Runs the mongod or mongos instance in a quiet mode that attempts to limit the amount of output. This option suppresses:
注解
For production systems this option is not recommended as it may make tracking problems during particular connections much more difficult.
Default: <none>
Form: <setname>
Use this setting to configure replication with replica sets. Specify a replica set name as an argument to this set. All hosts must have the same set name.
Specifies a maximum size in megabytes for the replication operation log (e.g. oplog.) mongod creates an oplog based on the maximum amount of space available. For 64-bit systems, the oplog is typically 5% of available disk space.
Once the mongod has created the oplog for the first time, changing oplogSize will not affect the size of the oplog.
Default: false
In the context of replica set replication, set this option to true if you have seeded this member with a snapshot of the dbpath of another member of the set. Otherwise the mongod will attempt to perform an initial sync, as though the member were a new member.
2.2 新版功能.
Default: all
Values: all, none, and _id_only
You can only use replIndexPrefetch in conjunction with replSet.
By default secondary members of a replica set will load all indexes related to an operation into memory before applying operations from the oplog. You can modify this behavior so that the secondaries will only load the _id index. Specify _id_only or none to prevent the mongod from loading any index into memory.
Default: false
Set to true to configure the current instance to act as master instance in a replication configuration.
Default: false
Set to true to configure the current instance to act as slave instance in a replication configuration.
Default: <>
Form: <host>:<port>
Used with the slave setting to specify the master instance from which this slave instance will replicate
Default: 0
Used with the slave setting, slaveDelay configures a “delay” in seconds, for this slave to wait to apply operations from the master instance.
Default: false
Used with the slave setting, set autoresync to true to force the slave to automatically resync if the is more than 10 seconds behind the master. This setting may be problematic if the --oplogSize oplog is too small (controlled by the --oplogSize option.) If the oplog not large enough to store the difference in changes between the master’s current state and the state of the slave, this instance will forcibly resync itself unnecessarily. When you set the autoresync option, the slave will not attempt an automatic resync more than once in a ten minute period.
Default: false
Set this value to true to configure this mongod instance to operate as the config database of a shard cluster. When running with this option, clients will not be able to write data to any database other than config and admin. The default port for :program:`mongod` with this option is ``27019 and mongod writes all data files to the /configdb sub-directory of the dbpath directory.
Default: false
Set this value to true to configure this mongod instance as a shard in a partitioned cluster. The default port for these instances is 27018. The only affect of shardsvr is to change the port number.
Default: false
When set to true, noMoveParanoia disables a “paranoid mode” for data writes for chunk migration operation. See the chunk migration and moveChunk command documentation for more information.
By default mongod will save copies of migrated chunks on the “from” server during migrations as “paranoid mode.” Setting this option disables this paranoia.
Default: None.
Format: <config1>,<config2><:port>,<config3>
Set this option to specify a configuration database (i.e. config database) for the sharded cluster. You must specify either 1 configuration server or 3 configuration servers, in a comma separated list.
This setting only affects mongos processes.
注解
mongos instances read from the first config server in the list provided. All mongos instances must specify the hosts to the configdb setting in the same order.
If your configuration databases reside in more that one data center, order the hosts in the configdb setting so that the config database that is closest to the majority of your mongos instances is first servers in the list.
警告
Never remove a config server from the configdb parameter, even if the config server or servers are not available, or offline.
Default: false
Only runs unit tests and does not start a mongos instance.
This setting only affects mongos processes and is for internal testing use only.
Default: 64
The value of this option determines the size of each chunk of data distributed around the sharded cluster. The default value is 64 megabytes. Larger chunks may lead to an uneven distribution of data, while smaller chunks may lead to frequent and unnecessary migrations. However, in some circumstances it may be necessary to set a different chunk size.
This setting only affects mongos processes. Furthermore, chunkSize only sets the chunk size when initializing the cluster for the first time. If you modify the run-time option later, the new value will have no effect. See the “Modify Chunk Size” procedure if you need to change the chunk size on an existing sharded cluster.
2.2 新版功能.
localThreshold affects the logic that program:mongos uses when selecting replica set members to pass reads operations to from clients. Specify a value to localThreshold in milliseconds. The default value is 15, which corresponds to the default value in all of the client drivers.
This setting only affects mongos processes.
When mongos receives a request that permits reads to secondary members, the mongos will:
find the member of the set with the lowest ping time.
construct a list of replica set members that is within a ping time of 15 milliseconds of the nearest suitable member of the set.
If you specify a value for localThreshold, mongos will construct the list of replica members that are within the latency allowed by this value.
The mongos will select a member to read from at random from this list.
The ping time used for a set member compared by the --localThreshold setting is a moving average of recent ping times, calculated, at most, every 10 seconds. As a result, some queries may reach members above the threshold until the mongos recalculates the average.
See the Member Selection section of the read preference documentation for more information.
noAutoSplit is for internal use and is only available on mongos instances.
2.0.7 新版功能.
noAutoSplit prevents mongos from automatically inserting metadata splits in a sharded collection. If set on all mongos, this will prevent MongoDB from creating new chunks as the data in a collection grows.
Because any mongos in a cluster can create a split, to totally disable splitting in a cluster you must set noAutoSplit on all mongos.
警告
With noAutoSplit enabled, the data in your sharded cluster may become imbalanced over time. Enable with caution.