发布于 2016-07-28 01:17:02 | 164 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网友投递
Java程序设计语言
java 是一种可以撰写跨平台应用软件的面向对象的程序设计语言,是由Sun Microsystems公司于1995年5月推出的Java程序设计语言和Java平台(即JavaEE(j2ee), JavaME(j2me), JavaSE(j2se))的总称。
环境变量这个概念不陌生, 就是操作系统的环境变量。
系统变量就是java本身维护的变量。 通过 System.getProperty 的方式获取。
对于不同的操作系统来说, 环境变量的处理可能会有一些不统一的地方, 比如说: 不区分大小写 等等。
Java 获取环境变量
Java 获取环境变量的方式很简单:
System.getEnv() 得到所有的环境变量
System.getEnv(key) 得到某个环境变量的值
Map map = System.getenv();
Iterator it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{
Entry entry = (Entry)it.next();
System.out.print(entry.getKey()+"=");
System.out.println(entry.getValue());
}
如果是windows 系统, 打印出来的值通过从 “我的电脑” 里看到的环境变量是一样的。
Java 获取和设置系统变量
Java 获取环境变量的方式也很简单:
System.getProperties() 得到所有的系统变量
System.getProperty(key) 得到某个系统变量的值
Properties properties = System.getProperties();
Iterator it = properties.entrySet().iterator();
while(it.hasNext())
{
Entry entry = (Entry)it.next();
System.out.print(entry.getKey()+"=");
System.out.println(entry.getValue());
}
系统变量除了可以获取之外, 还可以通过System.setProperty(key, value) 的方式设置自己需要的系统变量。
默认情况下, java 设置了哪些系统变量:
补充
1 . 在.bat ; .cmd 或 .sh 中会通过 set 的方式设置一些变量,
比如weblogic 的 setDomainEnv.cmd
set SUN_JAVA_HOME=C:\Oracle\Middleware\jdk160_21
这里设置的是环境变量
2. 在log4j 的配置中, 有时会配置log file 的产生路径。
比如 ${LOG_DIR}/logfile.log, 这里的LOG_DIR 是被系统属性的变量替换的。
3. 看一下java 源码, 通过 System.getProperties() 的方式获取系统变量时, 会有一个安全的检查
public static Properties getProperties() {
SecurityManager sm = getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null) {
sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
}
return props;
}
在 单个Java application 测试时, System 里的SecurityManager 是空的。
在Applet 运行时, 会结合 .policy 这个文件来检查权限。
如果给一个空的SecurityManager 会发现就会抛出权限异常。
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.setSecurityManager(new SecurityManager());
//SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
//System.out.println(sm);
System.getSecurityManager().checkPropertiesAccess();
}
public static void main(String [] args)
{
Map m = System.getenv();
for ( Iterator it = m.keySet().iterator(); it.hasNext(); )
{
String key = (String ) it.next();
String value = (String ) m.get(key);
System.out.println(key +":" +value);
}
System.out.println( "--------------------------------------" );
Properties p = System.getProperties();
for ( Iterator it = p.keySet().iterator(); it.hasNext(); )
{
String key = (String ) it.next();
String value = (String ) p.get(key);
System.out.println(key +":" +value);
}
}
ANT_HOME:D:/program/devel/ant
PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE:x86
LOGONSERVER://RJ-WEIJIANJUN
HOMEDRIVE:C:
CATALINA_HOME:D:/program/server/Tomcat5.5
DXSDK_DIR:d:/Program Files/Microsoft DirectX SDK (August 2008)/
VS80COMNTOOLS:C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Common7/Tools/
SESSIONNAME:Console
HOMEPATH:/Documents and Settings/Administrator
TMP:C:/DOCUME~1/ADMINI~1/LOCALS~1/Temp
windir:C:/WINDOWS
PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER:x86 Family 6 Model 15 Stepping 13, GenuineIntel
VS90COMNTOOLS:e:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0/Common7/Tools/
SystemDrive:C:
USERPROFILE:C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator
PATHEXT:.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH
CommonProgramFiles:C:/Program Files/Common Files
NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS:2
ComSpec:C:/WINDOWS/system32/cmd.exe
COMPUTERNAME:RJ-WEIJIANJUN
OS:Windows_NT
USERNAME:Administrator
CLIENTNAME:Console
TEMP:C:/DOCUME~1/ADMINI~1/LOCALS~1/Temp
USERDOMAIN:RJ-WEIJIANJUN
ALLUSERSPROFILE:C:/Documents and Settings/All Users
lib:C:/Program Files/SQLXML 4.0/bin/
PROCESSOR_LEVEL:6
SystemRoot:C:/WINDOWS
ClusterLog:C:/WINDOWS/Cluster/cluster.log
APPDATA:C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Application Data
Path:C:/WINDOWS/system32;C:/WINDOWS;C:/WINDOWS/System32/Wbem;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/80/Tools/Binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/DTS/Binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/Tools/binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/Tools/Binn/VSShell/Common7/IDE/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/;D:/program/devel/flex_sdk2/bin;D:/program/devel/ant/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_07/bin;%JONAS_ROOT%/bin/nt;d:/program/devel/ant/bin
JAVA_HOME:C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_07
FP_NO_HOST_CHECK:NO
PROCESSOR_REVISION:0f0d
ProgramFiles:C:/Program Files
--------------------------------------
java.runtime.name:Java(TM) 2 Runtime Environment, Standard Edition
sun.boot.library.path:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/bin
java.vm.version:1.5.0_11-b03
java.vm.vendor:Sun Microsystems Inc.
java.vendor.url:http://java.sun.com/
path.separator:;
java.vm.name:Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM
file.encoding.pkg:sun.io
sun.java.launcher:SUN_STANDARD
user.country:CN
sun.os.patch.level:Service Pack 2
java.vm.specification.name:Java Virtual Machine Specification
user.dir:D:/dev/eclipse/mye65/workspace/jmx
java.runtime.version:1.5.0_11-b03
java.awt.graphicsenv:sun.awt.Win32GraphicsEnvironment
java.endorsed.dirs:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/endorsed
os.arch:x86
java.io.tmpdir:C:/DOCUME~1/ADMINI~1/LOCALS~1/Temp/
line.separator:
java.vm.specification.vendor:Sun Microsystems Inc.
user.variant:
os.name:Windows 2003
sun.jnu.encoding:GBK
java.library.path:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/bin;.;C:/WINDOWS/system32;C:/WINDOWS;C:/WINDOWS/system32;C:/WINDOWS;C:/WINDOWS/System32/Wbem;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/80/Tools/Binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/DTS/Binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/Tools/binn/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft SQL Server/90/Tools/Binn/VSShell/Common7/IDE/;C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 8/Common7/IDE/PrivateAssemblies/;D:/program/devel/flex_sdk2/bin;D:/program/devel/ant/bin;C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.6.0_07/bin;%JONAS_ROOT%/bin/nt;d:/program/devel/ant/bin
java.specification.name:Java Platform API Specification
java.class.version:49.0
sun.management.compiler:HotSpot Client Compiler
os.version:5.2
user.home:C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator
user.timezone:Asia/Shanghai
java.awt.printerjob:sun.awt.windows.WPrinterJob
file.encoding:GBK
java.specification.version:1.5
java.class.path:D:/dev/eclipse/mye65/workspace/jmx/bin;D:/program/lib/jmx/jmxtools.jar;D:/program/lib/log/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar;D:/program/lib/log/log4j-1.2.15.jar;D:/program/lib/registry/registry.jar
user.name:Administrator
java.vm.specification.version:1.0
java.home:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre
sun.arch.data.model:32
user.language:zh
java.specification.vendor:Sun Microsystems Inc.
awt.toolkit:sun.awt.windows.WToolkit
java.vm.info:mixed mode
java.version:1.5.0_11
java.ext.dirs:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/ext
sun.boot.class.path:D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/rt.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/i18n.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/sunrsasign.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/jsse.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/jce.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/lib/charsets.jar;D:/Program Files/MyEclipse 6.5/jre/classes
java.vendor:Sun Microsystems Inc.
file.separator:/
java.vendor.url.bug:http://java.sun.com/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi
sun.io.unicode.encoding:UnicodeLittle
sun.cpu.endian:little
sun.desktop:windows
sun.cpu.isalist:pentium_pro+mmx pentium_pro pentium+mmx pentium i486 i386 i86