基于Spring MVC 简介及入门小例子(推荐)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>SpringMVCTest</display-name>

  <!-- 配置 Spring MVC DispatchcerServlet 前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!-- contextConfigLocation 是参数名称，该参数的值包含 Spring MVC 的配置文件路径 -->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 在 Web 应用启动时立即加载 Servlet -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!-- Servlet 映射声明 -->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- 监听当前域的所有请求 -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 添加 register.jsp 为首页 -->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>register.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

  <context:annotation-config />
  <!-- 配置自动扫描的包，完成 Bean 的创建和自动依赖注入的功能 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.shiyanlou.springmvc.controller" />
   <!-- 这两个类用来配置 annotation 类型的处理器映射器和处理器适配器 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />

  <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
  </bean>

</beans> 

package com.shiyanlou.springmvc.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {

  private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
  private Integer id;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private Integer age;

  public Integer getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUsername() {
    return username;
  }

  public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public String getPassword() {
    return password;
  }

  public void setPassword(String password) {
    this.password = password;
  }

  public Integer getAge() {
    return age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

}

package com.shiyanlou.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.shiyanlou.springmvc.entity.User;

/**
 * UserController 是一个基于注解的控制器
 * 可以同时处理多个请求动作
 */
@Controller
public class UserController {
  
  /**
  * RequestMapping 用来映射一个请求和请求的方法
  * value="/register" 表示请求由 register 方法进行处理
  */
  @RequestMapping(value="/register")
  public String Register(@ModelAttribute("form") User user, Model model) { // user:视图层传给控制层的表单对象；model：控制层返回给视图层的对象
    // 在 model 中添加一个名为 "user" 的 user 对象
    model.addAttribute("user", user);
    // 返回一个字符串 " success" 作为视图名称
    return "success";
  }
}

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>register page</title>
</head>
<body>
  <form action="register" method="post">
    <h5>User registration</h5>
    <p>
      <label>name </label> <input type="text" id="username" name="username"
        tabindex="1">
    </p>

    <p>
      <label>password </label> <input type="text" id="password" name="password"
        tabindex="2">
    </p>

    <p>
      <label>age </label> <input type="text" id="age" name="age"
        tabindex="3">
    </p>
    <p id="buttons">
      <input id="submit" type="submit" tabindex="4" value="register">
      <input id="reset" type="reset" tabindex="5" value="reset">
    </p>
  </form>
</body>
</html>

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>success page</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h5>login was successful</h5>
  <p>
    name：${requestScope.user.username}<br /> password：${requestScope.user.password}<br /> age：${requestScope.user.age}<br />
  </p>
</body>
</html>