使用Docker第一步

检测Docker安装¶

This guide assumes you have a working installation of Docker. To check your Docker install, run the following command:

# Check that you have a working install
docker info

If you get docker: command not found or something like /var/lib/docker/repositories: permission denied you may have an incomplete docker installation or insufficient privileges to access Docker on your machine.

Please refer to 安装 for installation instructions.

下载预建的镜像¶

# Download an ubuntu image
sudo docker pull ubuntu

This will find the ubuntu image by name in the Central Index and download it from the top-level Central Repository to a local image cache.

运行一个交互的shell¶

# Run an interactive shell in the ubuntu image,
# allocate a tty, attach stdin and stdout
# To detach the tty without exiting the shell,
# use the escape sequence Ctrl-p + Ctrl-q
sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

绑定Docker到另一台主机/端口或Unix套接字¶

With -H it is possible to make the Docker daemon to listen on a specific IP and port. By default, it will listen on unix:///var/run/docker.sock to allow only local connections by the root user. You could set it to 0.0.0.0:4243 or a specific host IP to give access to everybody, but that is not recommended because then it is trivial for someone to gain root access to the host where the daemon is running.

Similarly, the Docker client can use -H to connect to a custom port.

-H accepts host and port assignment in the following format: tcp://[host][:port] or unix://path

For example:

• tcp://host:4243 -> tcp connection on host:4243
• unix://path/to/socket -> unix socket located at path/to/socket

-H, when empty, will default to the same value as when no -H was passed in.

-H also accepts short form for TCP bindings: host[:port] or :port

# Run docker in daemon mode
sudo <path to>/docker -H 0.0.0.0:5555 -d &
# Download an ubuntu image
sudo docker -H :5555 pull ubuntu

You can use multiple -H, for example, if you want to listen on both TCP and a Unix socket

# Run docker in daemon mode
sudo <path to>/docker -H tcp://127.0.0.1:4243 -H unix:///var/run/docker.sock -d &
# Download an ubuntu image, use default Unix socket
sudo docker pull ubuntu
# OR use the TCP port
sudo docker -H tcp://127.0.0.1:4243 pull ubuntu

启动长期运行工作进程¶

# Start a very useful long-running process
JOB=$(sudo docker run -d ubuntu /bin/sh -c "while true; do echo Hello world; sleep 1; done")

# Collect the output of the job so far
sudo docker logs $JOB

# Kill the job
sudo docker kill $JOB

列出所有正在运行的容器¶

sudo docker ps

Bind a service on a TCP port¶

# Bind port 4444 of this container, and tell netcat to listen on it
JOB=$(sudo docker run -d -p 4444 ubuntu:12.10 /bin/nc -l 4444)

# Which public port is NATed to my container?
PORT=$(sudo docker port $JOB 4444 | awk -F: '{ print $2 }')

# Connect to the public port
echo hello world | nc 127.0.0.1 $PORT

# Verify that the network connection worked
echo "Daemon received: $(sudo docker logs $JOB)"

提交（保存）容器状态¶

Save your containers state to a container image, so the state can be re-used.

When you commit your container only the differences between the image the container was created from and the current state of the container will be stored (as a diff). See which images you already have using the docker images command.

# Commit your container to a new named image
sudo docker commit <container_id> <some_name>

# List your containers
sudo docker images

You now have a image state from which you can create new instances.

Read more about 通过存储库分享镜像 or continue to the complete Command Line Help